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Weights And Biases
W&B: log ML experiments, sweeps, model registry, dashboards
What does it add to Hermes?
W&B: log ML experiments, sweeps, model registry, dashboards
Weights And Biases is a skill related to extending the agent. It adds a capability or workflow to Hermes. The publisher description explains the intent, while granted permissions determine what it can actually do.
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Do not add it merely to experiment when Hermes already has a simpler path, or when you cannot review its source and permissions.
Best for users who want a repeatable way of working inside Hermes.
Start with non-sensitive data and a small task whose result can be verified and reversed.
W&B: log ML experiments, sweeps, model registry, dashboards
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Reproduced from the official documentation. Read it before enabling the skill: this text becomes the agent's instructions.
W&B: log ML experiments, sweeps, model registry, dashboards.
Skill metadata
A lookup table. Do not read it all; find the row that applies to you.
| Source | Bundled (installed by default) |
| Path | skills/mlops/evaluation/weights-and-biases |
| Version | 1.0.1 |
| Author | Orchestra Research |
| License | MIT |
| Dependencies | wandb |
| Platforms | linux, macos, windows |
| Tags | MLOps, Weights And Biases, WandB, Experiment Tracking, Hyperparameter Tuning, Model Registry, Collaboration, Real-Time Visualization, PyTorch, TensorFlow, HuggingFace |
Reference: full SKILL.md
Explains the idea itself. Read it slowly; the later sections build on it.
When to Use This Skill
Explains the idea itself. Read it slowly; the later sections build on it.
Use Weights & Biases (W&B) when you need to:
- Track ML experiments with automatic metric logging
- Visualize training in real-time dashboards
- Compare runs across hyperparameters and configurations
- Optimize hyperparameters with automated sweeps
- Manage model registry with versioning and lineage
- Collaborate on ML projects with team workspaces
- Track artifacts (datasets, models, code) with lineage
Users: 200,000+ ML practitioners | GitHub Stars: 10.5k+ | Integrations: 100+
Installation
Ordered, practical steps. Run one and confirm it worked before moving on.
# Install W&B
pip install wandb
# Login (creates API key)
wandb login
# Or set API key programmatically
export WANDB_API_KEY=your_api_key_hereQuick Start
Ordered, practical steps. Run one and confirm it worked before moving on.
Basic Experiment Tracking
# Initialize a run
run = wandb.init(
project="my-project",
config={
"learning_rate": 0.001,
"epochs": 10,
"batch_size": 32,
"architecture": "ResNet50"
}
)
# Training loop
for epoch in range(run.config.epochs):
# Your training code
train_loss = train_epoch()
val_loss = validate()
# Log metrics
wandb.log({
"epoch": epoch,
"train/loss": train_loss,
"val/loss": val_loss,
"train/accuracy": train_acc,
"val/accuracy": val_acc
})
# Finish the run
wandb.finish()With PyTorch
# Initialize
wandb.init(project="pytorch-demo", config={
"lr": 0.001,
"epochs": 10
})
# Access config
config = wandb.config
# Training loop
for epoch in range(config.epochs):
for batch_idx, (data, target) in enumerate(train_loader):
# Forward pass
output = model(data)
loss = criterion(output, target)
# Backward pass
optimizer.zero_grad()
loss.backward()
optimizer.step()
# Log every 100 batches
if batch_idx % 100 == 0:
wandb.log({
"loss": loss.item(),
"epoch": epoch,
"batch": batch_idx
})
# Save model
torch.save(model.state_dict(), "model.pth")
wandb.save("model.pth") # Upload to W&B
wandb.finish()Core Concepts
Explains the idea itself. Read it slowly; the later sections build on it.
1. Projects and Runs
Project: Collection of related experiments Run: Single execution of your training script
# Create/use project
run = wandb.init(
project="image-classification",
name="resnet50-experiment-1", # Optional run name
tags=["baseline", "resnet"], # Organize with tags
notes="First baseline run" # Add notes
)
# Each run has unique ID
print(f"Run ID: {run.id}")
print(f"Run URL: {run.url}")2. Configuration Tracking
Track hyperparameters automatically:
config = {
# Model architecture
"model": "ResNet50",
"pretrained": True,
# Training params
"learning_rate": 0.001,
"batch_size": 32,
"epochs": 50,
"optimizer": "Adam",
# Data params
"dataset": "ImageNet",
"augmentation": "standard"
}
wandb.init(project="my-project", config=config)
# Access config during training
lr = wandb.config.learning_rate
batch_size = wandb.config.batch_size3. Metric Logging
# Log scalars
wandb.log({"loss": 0.5, "accuracy": 0.92})
# Log multiple metrics
wandb.log({
"train/loss": train_loss,
"train/accuracy": train_acc,
"val/loss": val_loss,
"val/accuracy": val_acc,
"learning_rate": current_lr,
"epoch": epoch
})
# Log with custom x-axis
wandb.log({"loss": loss}, step=global_step)
# Log media (images, audio, video)
wandb.log({"examples": [wandb.Image(img) for img in images]})
# Log histograms
wandb.log({"gradients": wandb.Histogram(gradients)})
# Log tables
table = wandb.Table(columns=["id", "prediction", "ground_truth"])
wandb.log({"predictions": table})4. Model Checkpointing
# Save model checkpoint
checkpoint = {
'epoch': epoch,
'model_state_dict': model.state_dict(),
'optimizer_state_dict': optimizer.state_dict(),
'loss': loss,
}
torch.save(checkpoint, 'checkpoint.pth')
# Upload to W&B
wandb.save('checkpoint.pth')
# Or use Artifacts (recommended)
artifact = wandb.Artifact('model', type='model')
artifact.add_file('checkpoint.pth')
wandb.log_artifact(artifact)Hyperparameter Sweeps
Settings you configure once. Change one at a time so you can see what each does. Set NUM_EPOCHS in your environment, not in the chat.
Automatically search for optimal hyperparameters.
Define Sweep Configuration
sweep_config = {
'method': 'bayes', # or 'grid', 'random'
'metric': {
'name': 'val/accuracy',
'goal': 'maximize'
},
'parameters': {
'learning_rate': {
'distribution': 'log_uniform_values',
'min': 1e-5,
'max': 1e-1
},
'batch_size': {
'values': [16, 32, 64, 128]
},
'optimizer': {
'values': ['adam', 'sgd', 'rmsprop']
},
'dropout': {
'distribution': 'uniform',
'min': 0.1,
'max': 0.5
}
}
}
# Initialize sweep
sweep_id = wandb.sweep(sweep_config, project="my-project")Define Training Function
def train():
# Initialize run
run = wandb.init()
# Access sweep parameters
lr = wandb.config.learning_rate
batch_size = wandb.config.batch_size
optimizer_name = wandb.config.optimizer
# Build model with sweep config
model = build_model(wandb.config)
optimizer = get_optimizer(optimizer_name, lr)
# Training loop
for epoch in range(NUM_EPOCHS):
train_loss = train_epoch(model, optimizer, batch_size)
val_acc = validate(model)
# Log metrics
wandb.log({
"train/loss": train_loss,
"val/accuracy": val_acc
})
# Run sweep
wandb.agent(sweep_id, function=train, count=50) # Run 50 trialsSweep Strategies
# Grid search - exhaustive
sweep_config = {
'method': 'grid',
'parameters': {
'lr': {'values': [0.001, 0.01, 0.1]},
'batch_size': {'values': [16, 32, 64]}
}
}
# Random search
sweep_config = {
'method': 'random',
'parameters': {
'lr': {'distribution': 'uniform', 'min': 0.0001, 'max': 0.1},
'dropout': {'distribution': 'uniform', 'min': 0.1, 'max': 0.5}
}
}
# Bayesian optimization (recommended)
sweep_config = {
'method': 'bayes',
'metric': {'name': 'val/loss', 'goal': 'minimize'},
'parameters': {
'lr': {'distribution': 'log_uniform_values', 'min': 1e-5, 'max': 1e-1}
}
}Artifacts
Explains the idea itself. Read it slowly; the later sections build on it.
Track datasets, models, and other files with lineage.
Log Artifacts
# Create artifact
artifact = wandb.Artifact(
name='training-dataset',
type='dataset',
description='ImageNet training split',
metadata={'size': '1.2M images', 'split': 'train'}
)
# Add files
artifact.add_file('data/train.csv')
artifact.add_dir('data/images/')
# Log artifact
wandb.log_artifact(artifact)Use Artifacts
# Download and use artifact
run = wandb.init(project="my-project")
# Download artifact
artifact = run.use_artifact('training-dataset:latest')
artifact_dir = artifact.download()
# Use the data
data = load_data(f"{artifact_dir}/train.csv")Model Registry
# Log model as artifact
model_artifact = wandb.Artifact(
name='resnet50-model',
type='model',
metadata={'architecture': 'ResNet50', 'accuracy': 0.95}
)
model_artifact.add_file('model.pth')
wandb.log_artifact(model_artifact, aliases=['best', 'production'])
# Link to model registry
run.link_artifact(model_artifact, 'model-registry/production-models')Integration Examples
Explains the idea itself. Read it slowly; the later sections build on it.
HuggingFace Transformers
from transformers import Trainer, TrainingArguments
# Initialize W&B
wandb.init(project="hf-transformers")
# Training arguments with W&B
training_args = TrainingArguments(
output_dir="./results",
report_to="wandb", # Enable W&B logging
run_name="bert-finetuning",
logging_steps=100,
save_steps=500
)
# Trainer automatically logs to W&B
trainer = Trainer(
model=model,
args=training_args,
train_dataset=train_dataset,
eval_dataset=eval_dataset
)
trainer.train()PyTorch Lightning
from pytorch_lightning import Trainer
from pytorch_lightning.loggers import WandbLogger
# Create W&B logger
wandb_logger = WandbLogger(
project="lightning-demo",
log_model=True # Log model checkpoints
)
# Use with Trainer
trainer = Trainer(
logger=wandb_logger,
max_epochs=10
)
trainer.fit(model, datamodule=dm)Keras/TensorFlow
from wandb.integration.keras import WandbMetricsLogger, WandbModelCheckpoint
# Initialize
wandb.init(project="keras-demo")
# Add callbacks (the monolithic WandbCallback was removed;
# use the dedicated callbacks from wandb.integration.keras instead)
model.fit(
x_train, y_train,
validation_data=(x_val, y_val),
epochs=10,
callbacks=[
WandbMetricsLogger(), # Auto-logs metrics
WandbModelCheckpoint("models/model-{epoch}") # Saves checkpoints
]
)Visualization & Analysis
Explains the idea itself. Read it slowly; the later sections build on it.
Custom Charts
# Log custom visualizations
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
ax.plot(x, y)
wandb.log({"custom_plot": wandb.Image(fig)})
# Log confusion matrix
wandb.log({"conf_mat": wandb.plot.confusion_matrix(
probs=None,
y_true=ground_truth,
preds=predictions,
class_names=class_names
)})Reports
Create shareable reports in W&B UI:
- Combine runs, charts, and text
- Markdown support
- Embeddable visualizations
- Team collaboration
Best Practices
Settings you configure once. Change one at a time so you can see what each does. Set WANDB_MODE in your environment, not in the chat.
1. Organize with Tags and Groups
wandb.init(
project="my-project",
tags=["baseline", "resnet50", "imagenet"],
group="resnet-experiments", # Group related runs
job_type="train" # Type of job
)2. Log Everything Relevant
# Log system metrics
wandb.log({
"gpu/util": gpu_utilization,
"gpu/memory": gpu_memory_used,
"cpu/util": cpu_utilization
})
# Log code version
wandb.log({"git_commit": git_commit_hash})
# Log data splits
wandb.log({
"data/train_size": len(train_dataset),
"data/val_size": len(val_dataset)
})3. Use Descriptive Names
# ✅ Good: Descriptive run names
wandb.init(
project="nlp-classification",
name="bert-base-lr0.001-bs32-epoch10"
)
# ❌ Bad: Generic names
wandb.init(project="nlp", name="run1")4. Save Important Artifacts
# Save final model
artifact = wandb.Artifact('final-model', type='model')
artifact.add_file('model.pth')
wandb.log_artifact(artifact)
# Save predictions for analysis
predictions_table = wandb.Table(
columns=["id", "input", "prediction", "ground_truth"],
data=predictions_data
)
wandb.log({"predictions": predictions_table})5. Use Offline Mode for Unstable Connections
# Enable offline mode
os.environ["WANDB_MODE"] = "offline"
wandb.init(project="my-project")
# ... your code ...
# Sync later
# wandb sync <run_directory>Team Collaboration
Explains the idea itself. Read it slowly; the later sections build on it.
Share Runs
# Runs are automatically shareable via URL
run = wandb.init(project="team-project")
print(f"Share this URL: {run.url}")Team Projects
- Create team account at wandb.ai
- Add team members
- Set project visibility (private/public)
- Use team-level artifacts and model registry
Pricing
Explains the idea itself. Read it slowly; the later sections build on it.
- Free: Unlimited public projects, 100GB storage
- Academic: Free for students/researchers
- Teams: $50/seat/month, private projects, unlimited storage
- Enterprise: Custom pricing, on-prem options
Resources
Explains the idea itself. Read it slowly; the later sections build on it.
- Documentation: https://docs.wandb.ai
- GitHub: https://github.com/wandb/wandb (10.5k+ stars)
- Examples: https://github.com/wandb/examples
- Community: https://wandb.ai/community
- Discord: https://wandb.me/discord
See Also
Explains the idea itself. Read it slowly; the later sections build on it.
references/sweeps.md- Comprehensive hyperparameter optimization guidereferences/artifacts.md- Data and model versioning patternsreferences/integrations.md- Framework-specific examples